Background of the Study
Inter-regional trade is pivotal in fostering economic integration by connecting diverse markets, promoting resource sharing, and reducing regional disparities. In Nigeria, significant variations in production capacity, infrastructure, and market accessibility make inter-regional trade a critical mechanism for balancing development across the country (Balogun, 2023). Enhanced trade flows facilitate the movement of goods, services, and labor between regions, thereby creating a more cohesive national economy. Policy reforms aimed at eliminating trade barriers and improving transportation networks have spurred inter-regional commerce and encouraged regional specialization (Adesina, 2024).
Regions with robust trade connections benefit from economies of scale and access to broader consumer markets, which drive innovation and efficiency. Furthermore, inter-regional trade supports the diffusion of technology and business practices, enabling lagging regions to catch up with more developed ones (Olanrewaju, 2025). Empirical studies indicate that improved trade networks lead to better infrastructure development, industrial growth, and increased employment opportunities, underscoring the role of trade in mitigating regional inequalities (Ibrahim, 2023).
However, challenges such as infrastructural deficits, regulatory inconsistencies, and logistical bottlenecks hinder the full realization of these benefits. The uneven implementation of trade policies across states creates uncertainty, discouraging private investment in regional trade initiatives. Understanding the factors that facilitate or impede trade integration is therefore essential for crafting policies that can harness inter-regional trade as a driver for sustainable development.
Statement of the Problem
Although inter-regional trade has the potential to unify disparate markets and stimulate economic growth, Nigeria faces significant obstacles in fully capitalizing on these opportunities. Inadequate infrastructure, such as deteriorating road networks and limited transport facilities, hampers the smooth flow of goods between regions (Obi, 2023). Furthermore, regulatory hurdles and varying trade policies across state boundaries create uncertainty for businesses, stifling private sector engagement (Akinyemi, 2024). These challenges result in uneven benefits, where some regions reap significant rewards while others remain marginalized.
Moreover, the lack of comprehensive data on trade flows complicates the evaluation of policy effectiveness, leading to interventions that may not address the underlying issues. Corruption and bureaucratic red tape further undermine efforts to establish an efficient inter-regional trade system (Nwankwo, 2023). Without coordinated policy frameworks and improved infrastructural support, the transformative potential of inter-regional trade remains underutilized, contributing to persistent regional economic disparities.
Objectives of the Study
Research Questions
Research Hypotheses
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study examines key trade corridors between major Nigerian regions, focusing on infrastructure, regulatory frameworks, and economic outcomes. Limitations include data scarcity and potential regional biases.
Definitions of Terms
– Inter-Regional Trade: The exchange of goods and services between different regions.
– Economic Integration: The unification of separate economies through coordinated policies and trade.
– Trade Barriers: Obstacles that hinder the free flow of goods and services across regions.
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